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91.
Mochizuki H Amano T Seki T Matsubayashi H Mitsuhata C Morita K Kitayama S Dohi T Mishima HK Sakai N 《Neurochemistry international》2005,46(2):93-105
Previously, we revealed that the state of the actin cytoskeleton affects the uptake activity of the serotonin transporter (SERT). Recently, it was reported that the C-terminus of SERT interacts with MacMARCKS, a substrate of PKC that can bind to the actin cytoskeleton. To elucidate the importance of the C-terminal region in the regulation of SERT activity and the interaction with the actin cytoskeleton, we examined whether the overexpression of the C-terminus affects the transport activity of SERT. To this end, we overexpressed a GFP-fused 30-amino acid construct of the SERT C-terminus (GFP-SERT-CT) in HEK293 cells stably expressing FLAG-tagged SERT (FL-SERT-HEK293 cells). The SERT uptake activity and transporter current were attenuated in GFP-SERT-CT-expressing FL-SERT-HEK293 cells, as compared with GFP-expressing FL-SERT-HEK293 cells. Eadie-Hofstee analysis revealed that GFP-SERT-CT overexpression attenuated the SERT uptake activity by reducing the Vmax, but not changing the Km, which was consistent with the results of experiments on the cell-surface expression of SET using biotinylation/immunoblot analysis. Immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated that GFP-SERT-CT was co-localized with FLAG-SERT and cortical actin at the plasma membrane. In addition, the SERT C-terminus did not affect dopamine transporter activity. These findings showed the significance of the C-terminal region to the functional regulation of SERT, suggesting that GFP-SERT-CT acts as a molecular decoy to disrupt the interaction between SERT and the actin cytoskeleton. 相似文献
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To identify a novel class of antibiotics, we have developed a high-throughput genetic system for targeting the homodimerization (HD system) of histidine kinase (HK), which is essential for a bacterial signal transduction system (two-component system, TCS). By using the HD system, we screened a chemical library and identified a compound, I-8-15 (1-dodecyl-2-isopropylimidazole), that specifically inhibited the dimerization of HK encoded by the YycG gene of Staphylococcus aureus and induced concomitant bacterial cell death. I-8-15 also showed antibacterial activity against MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) and VRE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis) with MICs at 25 and 50 microg/ml, respectively. 相似文献
95.
The present study investigated the effects of levodopa, a precursor of dopamine (DA) therapeutically used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, on DA transport in the two different systems, COS-7 cells heterologously expressing rat monoamine transporter cDNA and in monoaminergic cell lines PC12 and SK-N-SH. Levodopa enhanced uptake of [3H]DA and [3H]norepinephrine (NE) but not [3H]serotonin in the transfected COS-7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. On the other hand, in PC12 and SK-N-SH cells where NET is functionally expressed, levodopa enhanced [3H]DA and [3H]NE uptake at low concentrations and inhibited the uptake at higher concentrations. The effects of levodopa on catecholamine transporters in the opposite direction suggest a different mechanism at the intra- and extracellular sites in a levodopa transport-dependent and independent manner. 相似文献
96.
Vegetation changes along gradients of long-term soil development in the Hawaiian montane rainforest zone 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The development of the Hawaiian montane rainforest was investigated along a 4.1-million-year soil age gradient at 1200 m elevation under two levels of precipitation, the mesic (c. 2500 mm annual rainfall) vs. wet (>4000 mm) age gradient. Earlier analyses suggested that soil fertility and foliar nutrient concentrations of common canopy species changed unimodally on the same gradients, with peak values at the 20,000–150,000 yr old sites, and that foliar concentrations were consistently lower under the wet than under the mesic conditions. Our objectives were to assay the influences of soil aging and moisture on forest development using the patterns and rates of species displacements. The canopies at all sites were dominated by Metrosideros polymorpha. Mean height and dbh of upper canopy Metrosideros trees increased from the youngest site to peak values at the 2100–9000 yr sites, and successively declined to older sites. A detrended correspondence analysis applied to mean species cover values revealed that significant variation among sites occurred only on one axis (axis 1), for both soil-age gradients. Sample scores along axis 1 were perfectly correlated with soil age on the mesic gradient, and significantly correlated on the wet gradient. Higher rainfall appeared to be responsible for the higher rates of species turnover on the wet gradient probably through faster rock weathering and greater leaching of soil elements. We concluded that the changes in species cover values and size of the canopy species was a reflection of the changing pattern of nutrient availability associated with soil aging. 相似文献
97.
We investigated the natural abundance of 15N in sun leaves and other components of tropical rain forests on altitudinal sequences of eight sites that form a gradient of soil N availability with varying ectomycorrhizal abundances on Mt. Kinabalu, Borneo. We investigated how soil N availability and ectomycorrhizal abundance related to the 15N abundance of ecosystem components. 15N values (15N abundance relative to 14N) increased consistently in the following order at each site: sun leaves, leaf litter, fine roots and from shallower organic to deeper mineral soil horizons. Enrichment (3–6 15N) of 15N occurred at the litter–topsoil interface at all sites, and the magnitude of the enrichment correlated negatively with 15N depletion in the foliage, irrespective of ectomycorrhizal abundance. Foliar 15N values significantly positively correlated with their N concentrations. Foliar (and litter and root) 15N values correlated positively with NO3 availability, and negatively with NH4 availability. The two positive correlations of foliar 15N with foliar N and NO3 availability were inconsistent with the assumption that stronger nitrification (hence a greater nitrate availability) produced a more 15N-depleted active inorganic N pool. The isotopic fractionation during the passage of N through ectomycorrhizas to plants might explain the positive correlation of foliar 15N and N concentration; however, this mechanism could not fully explain the correlation in our case because strong foliar 15N depletions occurred at the sites that lacked ectomycorrhizas. Alternatively, the positive correlation across sites reflected the tightness of N cycling. Strong nitrification and associated isotopic fractionation might have occurred at N-richer sites and the subsequent removal of NO3 from the system could decrease isotopically `lighter' N at these sites. 相似文献
98.
A ras-related gene with transformation suppressor activity 总被引:114,自引:0,他引:114
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Takagi Michio T.sriwong Kotchakorn Masuda Ayaka Kawaguchi Nozomi Fukui Shusuke Le Viet Lan Huong Kato Dai-ichiro Kitayama Takashi Fujii Mikio Koesoema Afifa Ayu Matsuda Tomoko 《Biotechnology letters》2022,44(3):461-471
Biotechnology Letters - A novel biocatalyst for Baeyer–Villiger oxidations is necessary for pharmaceutical and chemical industries, so this study aims to find a Baeyer–Villiger... 相似文献